We exploit the sharp escalation in community-based ICE enforcement following the January 2025 inauguration to estimate the causal effect of immigration enforcement on consumer spending. Using Synthetic Difference-in-Differences with cross-state variation in surge intensity as the identifying variation, we find that states experiencing the largest enforcement surges saw aggregate card...

We study how tax planning is organized within households using administrative data from the SpanishWealth Tax. Exploiting individual-level information on asset holdings and tax liabilities, we document strong intra-household comovement across legally defined planning margins, indicating that tax planning is a family matter. The strength and form of this comovement...

This paper studies the long-run political consequences of forced displacement when refugees carry distinct political ideas. With the collapse of the Spanish Republic in 1939, 500,000 left-wing leaning refugees fled into France, where logistical constraints quasi-randomly determined refugee camp locations. Exploiting this setting, we identify the causal effect of refugee...

This paper investigates the impact of the #MeToo movement in the workplace, drawing on French survey data on harassment behaviours and administrative data on worker flows. Using a difference-in-differences strategy, we find that, following the #MeToo movement, women began leaving high-risk workplaces at a significantly higher rate. This increase is...

We analyze the incentives of authoritarian regimes to segment access to censored content through technology. Citizens choose whether to pay to access censored online content at a cost fixed by the regime: the firewall. A low firewall segments access and generates more compliance than full censorship – a high firewall...

One in two women in the U.S. report experiencing physical violence, sexual violence, or stalking by an intimate partner in their lifetime, and gun access is a central channel through which abusers can harm and control partners. I study whether state reforms that restrict domestic abusers’ access to firearms reduce...