{"id":403852,"date":"2015-04-19T10:27:26","date_gmt":"2015-04-19T08:27:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ieb.ub.edu\/publicaciones\/ieb-report-2-2015-2\/"},"modified":"2015-04-19T10:27:26","modified_gmt":"2015-04-19T08:27:26","slug":"ieb-report-2-2015","status":"publish","type":"publicacion","link":"https:\/\/ieb.ub.edu\/en\/publications\/ieb-report-2-2015\/","title":{"rendered":"IEB Report 2\/2015"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The little weight given to the European Union (EU) budget \u2013 barely 1% of the Members States\u2019 GDP \u2013 and the Union\u2019s limited autonomy in terms of revenue \u2013 80% of its revenues being derived from its share in the value added tax (VAT) and gross national income (GNI) of each State, contrast with its other federal structures1.The  first of these characteristics inevitably means that the EU\u2019s monetary policy has to serve as a stabilising mechanism to offset the asymmetric shocks suffered by its Member States, while the second implicitly means that economic agents \u2013 especially those businesses with a presence in several Member States \u2013 have to deal with different tax systems, with the consequent costs of tax compliance, but also with opportunities for tax arbitrage within the Union, for example, through the exploitation of so-called \u201ctransfer pricing\u201d techniques. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"tipologia_publicacion":[32],"linea_investigacion":[88,88,88],"class_list":["post-403852","publicacion","type-publicacion","status-publish","hentry","tipologia_publicacion-ieb-report","linea_investigacion-political-economy"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ieb.ub.edu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publicacion\/403852","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ieb.ub.edu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publicacion"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ieb.ub.edu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publicacion"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ieb.ub.edu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ieb.ub.edu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publicacion\/403852\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ieb.ub.edu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=403852"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"tipologia_publicacion","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ieb.ub.edu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tipologia_publicacion?post=403852"},{"taxonomy":"linea_investigacion","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ieb.ub.edu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/linea_investigacion?post=403852"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}